The vascular skin is usually defined as the area of the face, neck or cleavage where erythematous changes occur temporarily or permanently. These changes most often take the form of vascular spots or telangiectasia. Telangiectasias are permanently dilated, superficial capillaries of the papillary plexus, visible through the epidermal layer. The vascular skin is extremely demanding when it comes to the selection of cosmetics and topical medications. Methods of treating vascular changes on the face, also in aesthetic medicine offices, and care methods in a beauty salon and at home are very important.

Trend 1
Aesthetic medicine - closing the vessels

In aesthetic medicine clinics, the most frequently performed procedure with capillary skin is closing the capillaries. IPL, i.e. pulsed light source, is a fairly effective method of removing vascular lesions. The method involves applying a pulsed light source which is gradually absorbed by the hemoglobin present in the vessel. The absorbed light causes the vessels to gradually shrink and disintegrate. The vessels can also be closed with a neodymium - yag laser. This method is much more effective than IPL. Usually one treatment is enough to fully eliminate the problem. The laser beam is absorbed by the hemoglobin and as a result, the vessel wall is damaged and ruptured. The advantage of this method is the ability to set the depth of skin penetration by the device.

Trend 2
Cosmetic treatments - PDT laser therapy

In beauty salons, massages and irradiation are common care practices in order to strengthen the vessels, reduce swelling, relieve inflammation and to improve lymph flow. The latest trend among cosmetic treatments are PDT photodynamic therapies based on photosensitive preparations with chromophores and advanced active ingredients. The accumulated energy from the chromophores is transferred directly to the cells. It intensifies metabolic, repair and oxygenating processes and maximizes the bioavailability of active ingredients contained in preparations.

Trend 3
Cosmetic treatments - chemical peels

Special chemical peels are becoming more and more popular with the problem of vascular skin and rosacea. Due to their various properties, these acids are often referred to as new generation acids.

• Azelaic acid is often included in this group. It results in a significant reduction of inflammation (papules and pimples), as well as redness and erythema. It does not cause phototoxic and photoallergic reactions, so it can also be used in summer. Azelaic acid is also antibacterial (even with long-term use), anti-blackheads, normalizes the keratinization process. It has anti-inflammatory properties - it acts as a free radical scavenger that activates inflammatory processes.

• Another acid - gluconolactone also has no irritating properties and can be used on very sensitive skin. Lowers the risk of sunburn. It increases the functions of the stratum corneum as a barrier, increases the hydration of the epidermis, accelerates cell regeneration, regulates metabolism, reduces transepidermal water loss and skin sensitivity to irritation, which inhibits the aging process of the skin, improves its texture, firms and smoothes it. It strengthens the skin's resistance to external irritants.

• Lactobionic acid has slightly exfoliating properties and is also devoid of irritating properties, so it can be used for the care of sensitive and dry skin, including vascular skin, with erythema. It has important properties in the topical treatment of telangiectasia (dilated blood vessels) and rosacea. It has strong antioxidant properties and fights free radicals. It has the unique property of binding water and creating a protective layer on the skin surface which makes the skin smooth and soft, which strengthens the protective function of the epidermal barrier.

Trend 4
Cosmetic treatments - reduction of telangiectasia

Older methods of combating vascular problems and telangiectasias are electrocoagulation, cryosurgery, iontophoresis, electrolysis, thermolysis and galvanic surgery. These methods to eliminate telangiectasia act to collapse the vessel walls, which results in its closure. The closed vessel stops transporting the cream, making it useless for the body and is absorbed.

Trend 5
Home care

Vascular skin care consists primarily in preventing the formation of unfavorable changes on the skin. The preparations should be as gentle as possible, pay attention to the absence of fragrances and coloring substances. In the care of vascular skin it is very important to use cosmetics rich in active ingredients, intended for this type of skin. Most often, these are substances that strengthen the walls of blood vessels, support the protective function of the skin and have anti-inflammatory properties.
Among the numerous ingredients of cosmetic preparations, the most popular are currently numerous plant extracts, such as: red algae, bearberry (arbutin), burdock, sage, lemon, ivy, soapwort, fucus, cress, avocado, white lily, flax, papaya, milk thistle, horse chestnut, arnica, hamamelis, ivy, St. John's wort, grapevine, amla, sea fennel, aromatic violet, green tea, aloe. The above extracts have a beneficial effect on vascular problems, in particular they have a strong calming effect on the emerging erythema. Azelaic acid, glucanolactone and lactobionic acid are a very effective ingredient in the fight against the symptoms of vascular skin. These are ingredients that strongly rebuild, strengthen and regulate the skin, and above all soothe and reduce irritation and redness. A good cream should also include a slightly heavier phase, which can be, for example, Shea butter and macadamia oil, which supplement the product with vitamins and natural fatty acids necessary for the proper functioning of the skin.